A September issue of the Mayo Clinic Health letter suggest that show that there is very little effectiveness in obtaining antioxidants from dietary supplements. Instead, the study found that the best way to obtain antioxidants is by eating foods that are rich in antioxidants. These antioxidants include:

vitamins C and E

carotene

lycopene

lutein

Many other other factors could possibly aid in preventing diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease and macular degeneration. Antioxidants are thought to help because they can neutralize free radicals, which are toxic byproducts of natural cell metabolism.

Antioxidant production in the human body is extremely inefficient and declines with the progression of age.

People who regularly eat foods rich in antioxidants reap many health benefits according to studies. It is best to receive antioxidants through food rather than dietary supplements because foods contain an unequivocal array of antioxidants.

Supplements are limited because they only offer a few of the many types of antioxidants that are found. This is a problem since Doctors do not know which antioxidants are responsible for the health benefits. Some of the better known antioxidants are:

Berry Family: Acai Berry, raspberries, strawberries, cranberries, blueberries

Bean Group: Tiny red beans, pinto beans, kidney beans, black beans

Fruit Family: Apples, avocados, cherries, pears ( all types)

Vegetables: Artichokes, spinach, red cabbage, red and white potatoes (with peels), sweet potatoes and broccoli

Drinks: green tea, coffee, red wine, acai berry juice

Nuts: Walnuts, pistachios, pecans, hazelnuts and almonds

Herb family: Ground cloves, cinnamon or ginger, dried oregano leaf and turmeric powder

Grains: Oat products

Dessert family: various types of dark chocolates

Taking too many antioxidants through supplements such as vitamin c can cause more damage than good according to a recent study.

Many foods higher in antioxidants offer many more health benefits, such as being high in fiber, protein and other vitamins and minerals and low in saturated fat and cholesterol.

There is currently no guidelines set fourth by the government on what is a considered a healthy intake of antioxidants.

It is encouraged for the time being to eat a variety of fruits and vegetables that have a high concentration of amino acids like cranberries.

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The best way to fully comprehend what free radicals are is to look at them from a cellular level. Here’s a quick Physiology 101 lesson: The human body is made up of various kinds of cells.

Cells are composed of many different types of molecules. Molecules consist of one or more atoms of one or more elements joined by chemical bonds.

Atoms are made up of a nucleus, protons, electrons, and neutrons. The number positively charged particles (protons) in the nucleus of the atom is what determines how many negatively charged particles (electron) will surround the atom.

Electrons are responsible for the chemical reactions that take place inside the atom as well as the substance that holds the atom together to form molecules. Electrons orbit the atom in one or more shells.

The innermost shell is full when it has two electrons. When the first shell is full, electrons begin to fill the second shell. When the second shell has eight electrons, it is full.

The most important structural characteristic of an atom for determining its chemical behavior is the number of electrons in its outer shell.

An atom that has a full outer shell does not enter in chemical reactions. Atoms seek to reach a state of maximum stability by one of the following:

Eradicate or pick up electrons to fill or empty the shell

Bonding with other atoms to share electrons to complete the outer shell

Atoms regularly complete their outer shells by sharing electrons with other atoms. Sharing electrons allows the atoms that are bound together to satisfy the conditions of maximum stability for the molecule.

Normally, bonds wont split in a way that leaves a molecule with an odd, unpaired electron. But when weak bonds split, free radicals are formed–free radicals are very unstable and react quickly with other compounds, trying to capture the needed electron to gain stability.

The most common way free radicals attack is by finding the closest molecule that is stable and from there they begin the process of stealing electrons. When the molecule that is attacked starts losing the electrons, it becomes a free radical as well. When this process begins, it creates a chain reaction in which the end result is a disruption of a living cell.

Some free radicals usually occur during metabolism;at times the body’s immune systems cells will even purposefully create them to neutralize viruses and bacteria. However, environmental factors such as pollution, radiation, cigarette smoke and herbicides can also spawn free radicals.

The body usually defends these free radicals well, however when antioxidants are not available or free radical damage becomes too excessive, cell damage can occur. The most significant importance to this free radical damage is that it accelerates the aging process in humans

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